How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of gases

4. How are the lungs designed in human beings to maximise the area for exchange of gases?

Ans.  Lungs contain millions of alveoli which provide a surface for the exchange of gases. An extensive network of blood vessels is present in the wall of the alveoli. By lifting our ribs and flatten the diaphragm, the chest cavity becomes spacious. Air is sucked into the lungs and alveoli. The oxygen from the breath, diffuses into the blood and CO₂from the blood brought from the body, diffuses out into the air.