cbse chemistry syllabus for class 11 2014 -2015
COURSE STRUCTURE Class XI (Theory)
Total Periods: 180
One Paper Time: 3 Hours 70 marksUnit No. Title MarksUnit I Some Basic Conceptsof Chemistry 5
Unit II Structure of Atom 6
Unit III Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 4
Unit IV Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 5
Unit V Statesof Matter: Gases and Liquids 4
Unit VI Thermodynamics 6
Unit VII Equilibrium 6
Unit VIII Redox Reactions 3
Unit IX Hydrogen 3
Unit X s -Block Elements 5
Unit XI Some p -BlockElements 5
Unit XII Organic Chemistry: Some basic Principles and Techniques 7
Unit XIII Hydrocarbons 8
Unit XIV Environmental Chemistry 3
Total 70Unit I: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry (Periods 14)
General Introduction: Importance and scope of chemistry.
Natureof matter, laws of chemicalcombination, Dalton's atomic theory: concept of elements, atoms and molecules.
Atomicand molecular masses, mole concept and molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formula, chemical reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry.
Unit II: Structure of Atom (Periods16)
Discoveryof Electron, Proton and Neutron, atomic number, isotopesand isobars. Thomson's model and its limitations. Rutherford's model and its limitations, Bohr's model and its limitations, concept of shellsand subshells, dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie's relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, concept of orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals - Aufbauprinciple, Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronicconfiguration of atoms, stability of half filled and completely filled orbitals.
cbse chemistry syllabus for class 11 2014 -2015
Unit III: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
(Periods 8)
Significance of classification, brief history of the development of periodic table, modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements -atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii Ionization enthalpy, electrongain enthalpy, electronegativity, valency.Nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100.
Unit IV: ChemicalBonding and Molecularstructure (Periods 16)
Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond; bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond, covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory, resonance,geometry of covalentmolecules, VSEPR theory, conceptof hybridization, involving s,p and d orbitalsand shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only),hydrogen bond.
Unit V: States of Matter: Gases and Liquids (Periods14)
Threestates of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting and boiling points, role of gas laws in elucidating the concept of the molecule, Boyle's law, Charleslaw, Gay Lussac's law, Avogadro's law, ideal behaviour, empirical derivation of gas equation, Avogadro'snumber, ideal gas equation. Deviation from ideal behaviour, liquefaction of gases, critical temperature, kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea)
LiquidState- vapourpressure, viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations)
Unit VI: Chemical Thermodynamics (Periods16)
Concepts of System and types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions.
Firstlaw of thermodynamics -internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacityand specific heat, measurement of ΔU and ΔH, Hess's law of constantheat summation, enthalpyof bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution and dilution.
Second saw of Thermodynamics (brief introduction)
Introduction of entropy as a state function,Gibbs energy change for spontaneous and non - spontaneous processes, criteria for equilibrium.
Third law of thermodynamics (brief introduction).
Unit VII: Equilibrium (Period 16)
Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium - Le Chatelier's principle, ionic equilibrium
- ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, ionization of poly basic acids, acid strength, concept of pH, Henderson Equation, hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), buffer solution, solubility product, common ion effect (with illustrative examples).
Unit VIII: Redox Reactions (Period 6)
Conceptof oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancingredox reactions, in terms of loss and gain of electronsand change in oxidation number, applications of redox reactions
Unit IX: Hydrogen (Period 8)
Positionof hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen,hydrides-ionic covalent and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water, hydrogenperoxide -preparation, reactions and structure and use; hydrogen as a fuel.
Unit X: s -Block Elements (Alkaliand Alkaline Earth Metals) (Periods 12)
Group 1 and Group 2 Elements
Generalintroduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship, trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomicand ionic radii), trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogenand halogens, uses.
Preparation and Properties of Some Important Compounds:
Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and Sodium hydrogencarbonate, biologicalimportance of sodium and potassium.
Calcium oxide and Calciumcarbonate and their industrial uses, biological importance of
Magnesium and Calcium.
Unit XI: Some p -Block Elements (Periods 14)
General Introduction to p -Block Elements
Group13 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalousproperties of first element of the group, Boron - physicaland chemical properties, some important compounds, borax, boric acid, boron hydrides,Aluminium: Reactions with acids and alkalies, uses.
Group14 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, anomalousbehaviour of first elements Carbon -catenation, allotropic forms, physical and chemical properties; uses of some important compounds: oxides.
Important compounds of silicon and a few uses: silicontetrachloride, silicones, silicates and
Zeolites, their uses.
Unit XII: Organic Chemistry -Some Basic Principles and Technique
(Periods 16)
Generalintroduction, methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds.
electronic displacements in a covalentbond: inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyper conjugation.
Homolyticand heterolytic fission of a covalentbond: free radicals, carbocations, carbanions, electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions.
Unit XIII: Hydrocarbons (Periods 16)
Classification of Hydrocarbons
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons:
Alkanes-Nomenclature, isomerism, conformation (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions includingfree radical mechanism of halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis.
Alkenes - Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markownikov's addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition.
Alkynes- Nomenclature, structureof triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of - hydrogen, halogens, hydrogenhalides and water.
AromaticHydrocarbons: Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature, benzene: resonance, aromaticity, chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution. nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft's alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in monosubstituted benzene. Carcinogenicity and toxicity.
Unit XIV: Environmental Chemistry (Periods 8)
Environmental pollution - air, water and soil pollution, chemical reactions in atmosphere, smog, major atmospheric pollutants, acid rain, ozone and its reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer, greenhouse effect and global warming- pollution due to industrial wastes, green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, strategies for control of environment pollution.
cbse chemistry syllabus for class 11 2014 -2015
Practicals
Evaluation Scheme for Examination Marks
VolumetricAnalysis 10
Salt Analysis 8
Content Based Experiment 6
Class Record, Project Viva 6
Total 30
PRACTICALS SYLLABUS Total Periods 60
Micro-chemical methods are available for several of the practical experiments. Wherever possible such techniques should be used:
A. Basic Laboratory Techniques (Periods2)
1 Cutting glass tube and glass rod
2 Bending a glass tube
3 Drawing out a glass jet
4 Boring a cork
B. Characterization and Purification of Chemical Substances (Periods 6)
1. Determination of melting point of an organic compound.
2. Determination of boiling point of an organic compound.
3. Crystallization of impure sample of anyone of the following:Alum, copper sulphate, Benzoic acid.
C. Experiments based on pH (Periods6) (a) Any one of the followingexperiments:
• Determination of pH of some solutions obtained from fruit juices, soulution of known and variedconcentrations of acids, bases and salts using pH paper or universal indicator.
• Comparing the pH of solutions of strong and weak acids of same concentration.
• Study the pH changein the titration of a strongbase using universal indicator.
(b) Study the pH change by common-ion in case of weak acids and weak bases.
D. ChemicalEquilibrium (Periods4) One of the followingexperiments:
(a) Study the shift in equilibrium between ferric ions and thiocyanate ions by increasing/
decreasing the concentration of either ions.
(b) Studythe shift in equilibrium between [Co(H O) ]2+ and chlorideions by changing the
2 6
concentration of either of the ions.
E. Quantitative Estimation (Periods12)
i) Using a chemicalbalance.
ii) Preparation of standard solution of oxalic acid.
iii) Determination of strength of a given solutionof sodium hydroxide by titrating it against standard solution of oxalic acid.
iv) Preparation of standard solution of sodium carbonate.
v) Determination of strength of a given solutionof hydrochloric acid by titrating it against standard sodium carbonate solution.
F. Qualitative Analysis (Periods16) (a) Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt
Cations - Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+ A13+, Fe3+ Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+,
Anions - CO 2-, S2-, SO 2-, SO 2-, NO- , NO- , C1-, Br, I-, PO34-, C O 2-, CH COO-
3 3 4 2 3 2 4 3
(Note: Insoluble salts excluded)
cbse chemistry syllabus for class 11 2014 -2015
(b) Detection of -nitrogen, sulphur, chlorinein organic compounds.
PROJECT (Periods10)
|
Scientific investigations involving laboratory teNstiHng+ and collecting information from other sources.
A Few suggested Projects
• Checking the bacterial contamination in drinking water by testing sulphide ion.
• Study of the methodsof purification of water.
• Testing the hardness, presence of iron, fluoride, chloride etc. Depending upon the regional variation in drinking water and study of causes of presence of these ions above permissible limit (if any).
• Investigation of the foaming capacity of different washing soaps and the effect of addition of sodium carbonate on it.
• Study the acidity of different samples of tea leaves.
• Determination of the rate of evaporation of different liquids.
• Study the effect of acids and bases on the tensile strength of fibers.
• Study of acidity of fruit and vegetable juices.
Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 periods of work, can be chosen with the approval of the teacher.
Recommended Textbooks.
1. Chemistry Part -I, Published by NCERT.
2. Chemistry Part -II, Published by NCERT.
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